Gandhi Jayanti Quiz 2026 Answer Key with Explanations: All Stages (Grades 1–10)

Who is this kind man?

• A. A king
• B. Mahatma Gandhi
• C. A doctor
• D. A soldier

This is Mahatma Gandhi. We know him by his round glasses, kind smile and simple white clothes.

Which glasses look like Bapu's glasses?

• A. Heart glasses
• B. Star glasses
• C. Square glasses
• D. Round glasses

Bapu wore simple, thin, round glasses.

Look at Bapu. What is he holding in his hand?

• A. A walking stick
• B. An umbrella
• C. A flag
• D. A book

Bapu walked a lot. He held a long walking stick.

Children called Gandhiji by a loving name. It means 'father'. What is it?

• A. Chacha
• B. Raja
• C. Bapu
• D. Guru

'Bapu' means father. Children and grown-ups lovingly called Gandhiji Bapu.

Look at the calendar. Bapu's birthday is the circled day. What is the date?

• A. 12 October
• B. 2 October
• C. 20 October
• D. 2 November

The circled day is 2 October. We celebrate it as Gandhi Jayanti.

Bapu used this to spin thread. What is it?

• A. Charkha
• B. Bicycle
• C. Fan
• D. Clock

It is a charkha, a spinning wheel. Bapu spun cotton thread on it every day.

This cloth is made by hand from hand-spun thread. Bapu loved it. What is it called?

• A. Silk
• B. Wool
• C. Khadi
• D. Jute

Cloth made by hand from hand-spun thread is called khadi.

Bapu wore very simple things. What did he wear on his feet?

• A. Football boots
• B. Roller skates
• C. Rain boots
• D. Simple sandals

Bapu lived simply. He wore plain sandals.

Bapu was always on time. He kept this with him. What is it?

• A. A coin
• B. A watch
• C. A plate
• D. A mirror

It is a pocket watch. It has hands and shows the time.

Three things belong to Bapu. Which one does NOT?

• A. Charkha
• B. Glasses
• C. Walking stick
• D. Mobile phone

There were no mobile phones in Bapu's time. The charkha, glasses and stick were Bapu's.

Ravi's ball broke the pot. What should Ravi do?

• A. Hide the ball
• B. Blame the cat
• C. Tell the truth
• D. Run away

Bapu always told the truth. Ravi should say sorry and tell the truth.

Meena has 2 laddus. Her friend has none. What should Meena do?

• A. Share one
• B. Eat both
• C. Hide them
• D. Throw them

Sharing is caring. If Meena shares one, both friends get one laddu each.

Look at Kiran's hands. He wants to eat. What should he do first?

• A. Play outside
• B. Watch TV
• C. Go to sleep
• D. Wash hands

His hands are dirty. Bapu loved cleanliness, so we wash our hands with soap before eating.

Anu and Raju both want the toy car. What should they do?

• A. Pull harder
• B. Take turns
• C. Break it
• D. Cry loudly

Bapu taught us not to fight. They can talk kindly and take turns.

Grandma's bag is very heavy. What should Arjun do?

• A. Help carry it
• B. Laugh at her
• C. Walk away
• D. Hide the bag

Bapu liked to help others. Arjun should help Grandma carry the bag.

The tap is running. No one is using it. What should Priya do?

• A. Leave it on
• B. Splash water
• C. Close the tap
• D. Fill a balloon

Water is precious. We must close a running tap and save water.

The puppy is hot and thirsty. What is the kind thing to do?

• A. Chase it away
• B. Pull its tail
• C. Ignore it
• D. Give it water

Bapu was kind to all animals. Giving water to the thirsty puppy is kind.

Grandpa has come home. What should Sita do?

• A. Keep playing
• B. Say Namaste nicely
• C. Shout loudly
• D. Hide away

We respect our elders. Sita should greet Grandpa with a smile and say Namaste.

How many charkhas can you see?

• A. 2
• B. 3
• C. 4
• D. 5

Count them one by one: 1, 2, 3, 4. There are 4 charkhas.

How many flags can you count?

• A. 6
• B. 5
• C. 7
• D. 8

There are 3 flags in the top row and 3 in the bottom row. 3 + 3 = 6.

Children brought flowers for Bapu's birthday. How many flowers are there?

• A. 4
• B. 5
• C. 6
• D. 7

There are 4 flowers on top and 3 below. 4 + 3 = 7.

Look at the pattern. Which colour comes next?

• A. Saffron
• B. White
• C. Green
• D. Blue

The pattern is saffron, white, green again and again. After white comes green.

Bapu's glasses are round. Which shape is round like them?

• A. Circle
• B. Triangle
• C. Square
• D. Star

A circle is round, just like each lens of Bapu's glasses.

Ramu has a banana peel. Where should he put it?

• A. Blue bin
• B. Green bin
• C. On the road
• D. In the drain

A banana peel is wet waste. Wet waste goes in the green bin.

Papers are lying on the classroom floor. What should we do?

• A. Kick them away
• B. Throw more paper
• C. Leave them there
• D. Pick up and bin them

Bapu wanted clean places. We should pick up the papers and put them in the dustbin.

Gandhiji was born on 2 October 1869 in a town on the coast of Gujarat. The red dot on the map shows this town. What is its name?

• A. Ahmedabad
• B. Porbandar
• C. Kolkata
• D. Chennai

Gandhiji was born in Porbandar, a coastal town in Gujarat. Kolkata and Chennai are on the east coast, and Ahmedabad is not on the coast.

The people of India lovingly gave Gandhiji a special title. Which title is it?

• A. Iron Man of India
• B. Nightingale of India
• C. Missile Man of India
• D. Father of the Nation

Gandhiji is called the Father of the Nation for leading India's freedom struggle in a peaceful way.

This picture shows Gandhiji with his wife. She stood by him in his work for India's freedom. What was her name?

• A. Kasturba
• B. Sarojini Naidu
• C. Putlibai
• D. Annie Besant

Kasturba Gandhi was Gandhiji's wife. Putlibai was his mother.

Gandhiji lived in a simple ashram like this on the bank of a river in Ahmedabad. What was this ashram called?

• A. Sevagram Ashram
• B. Shantiniketan
• C. Sabarmati Ashram
• D. Raj Ghat

Sabarmati Ashram stands on the bank of the Sabarmati River in Ahmedabad. Gandhiji started the Dandi March from here.

People visit this memorial in New Delhi to remember Gandhiji. They place flowers near the flame. What is this place called?

• A. India Gate
• B. Red Fort
• C. Qutub Minar
• D. Raj Ghat

Raj Ghat in New Delhi is the memorial of Mahatma Gandhi, where an eternal flame burns.

Children and grown-ups lovingly called Gandhiji 'Bapu'. What does the word 'Bapu' mean?

• A. Teacher
• B. Father
• C. King
• D. Friend

'Bapu' means father. People called him Bapu out of love and respect.

Gandhiji used this wheel almost every day. What is it called?

• A. Charkha (spinning wheel)
• B. Potter's wheel
• C. Bullock cart wheel
• D. Water wheel

The charkha is a spinning wheel used to turn cotton into thread. It became a symbol of self-reliance.

Look at the steps. Cotton is spun into thread on a charkha, and the thread is woven by hand into cloth. What is this hand-spun, hand-woven cloth called?

• A. Silk
• B. Nylon
• C. Khadi
• D. Wool

Khadi is cloth made from hand-spun thread and woven by hand. Gandhiji asked people to wear khadi.

Gandhiji kept a small statue of these three monkeys. What lesson do they teach us?

• A. Work hard, play hard, sleep early
• B. Save food, save water, save time
• C. Keep your eyes, ears and mouth shut all day
• D. See no evil, hear no evil, speak no evil

The three wise monkeys remind us not to look at, listen to or say anything bad.

This is a simple outline of an Indian currency note. The portrait space shows a question mark. Whose portrait is printed on Indian rupee notes?

• A. Jawaharlal Nehru
• B. Mahatma Gandhi
• C. Subhas Chandra Bose
• D. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel

The Reserve Bank of India prints Mahatma Gandhi's portrait on its rupee notes.

Ravi finds a purse lying on the school playground. Nobody saw him find it. What is the honest thing to do?

• A. Give it to the class teacher so it reaches its owner
• B. Keep it because nobody saw him pick it up
• C. Take the money and throw the purse away
• D. Hide it in his bag until next week

Gandhiji always stood for truth. Giving the purse to the teacher is honest and helps the owner get it back.

Anu and Kiran both want the same swing and start to quarrel. Which is the kind, non-violent way to solve it, as Gandhiji taught?

• A. Push the other child off the swing
• B. Shout louder until the other child leaves
• C. Stop talking to each other for ever
• D. Talk calmly and take turns on the swing

Ahimsa means solving problems without hurting anyone. Talking calmly and taking turns is fair to both.

Lata's classmate has forgotten his lunch box and looks sad. What should Lata do?

• A. Laugh at him for forgetting
• B. Eat quickly so he does not ask
• C. Share some of her lunch with him
• D. Tell everyone that he forgot

Sharing with someone in need is kind. Gandhiji taught us to care for others.

Gandhiji believed in doing our own work. Which child is following this idea with tasks like these?

• A. Sita packs her own school bag every evening
• B. Arjun asks his mother to tie his shoes daily
• C. Raju makes his little brother carry his bag
• D. Neha waits for someone to clear her plate

Doing your own work is self-reliance. Sita packs her own bag without depending on others.

Gandhiji owned very few things, like the ones shown here. What does this teach us?

• A. Buy new things every day
• B. Live simply and use only what we need
• C. Keep things that we never use
• D. Throw away things that are a little old

Gandhiji lived a simple life. He used only what he needed and did not waste.

A new girl joins your class. She speaks a different language at home. What would Gandhiji want you to do?

• A. Ignore her until she learns your language
• B. Make fun of the way she speaks
• C. Let her sit alone at lunch time
• D. Welcome her and help her feel at home

Gandhiji taught us to respect everyone, whatever their language or religion. Welcoming her shows respect.

Imran slips and all his books fall in the corridor. What should his classmates do?

• A. Walk past quickly to reach class first
• B. Laugh because the books fell down
• C. Help him pick up his books
• D. Tell him to be careful and walk away

Helping a classmate in trouble is kind and caring, just as Gandhiji served others.

Gandhiji was born on 2 October 1869. How many years will it be since his birth on 2 October 2026?

• A. 157 years
• B. 167 years
• C. 147 years
• D. 257 years

2026 − 1869 = 157. So 2 October 2026 is Gandhiji's 157th birth anniversary.

In the Dandi March, Gandhiji and his followers walked about 385 km in 24 days. Roughly how many kilometres did they walk each day?

• A. About 4 km
• B. About 40 km
• C. About 100 km
• D. About 16 km

385 ÷ 24 is a little more than 16 (24 × 16 = 384). So they walked about 16 km a day.

The bar graph shows the number of khadi napkins made by three classes. How many more napkins did Class 4 make than Class 3?

• A. 4
• B. 6
• C. 3
• D. 30

Class 4 made 18 napkins and Class 3 made 12 napkins. 18 − 12 = 6.

A khadi stall has the caps and bags shown. How many more caps than bags are there?

• A. 11
• B. 4
• C. 3
• D. 2

There are 7 caps and 4 bags. 7 − 4 = 3 more caps.

Look at the calendar. Gandhi Jayanti, 2 October 2026, is on a Friday. The school cleanliness drive is on the next Friday. On which date is the drive?

• A. 9 October
• B. 10 October
• C. 8 October
• D. 16 October

A week has 7 days. 2 + 7 = 9, so the next Friday is 9 October.

At school there are two bins: green for wet waste and blue for dry waste. Where should the banana peel go?

• A. In the blue bin for dry waste
• B. In either bin, it does not matter
• C. Into the drain near the gate
• D. In the green bin for wet waste

A banana peel is kitchen waste that rots easily, so it is wet waste and goes in the green bin.

Everyone has gone out to the playground. The lights and fan in the classroom are still on. What should the last student do?

• A. Leave them on for when everyone returns
• B. Switch off the lights and the fan
• C. Switch on the other lights too
• D. Wait for someone else to do it later

Switching off lights and fans in an empty room saves electricity. This is a simple way to care for our country.

Priya turned an old empty jar into a pen stand, as shown. Which good habit is this?

• A. Littering
• B. Buying new things
• C. Reusing old things
• D. Burning waste

Using an old jar again for a new purpose is reusing. It reduces waste and keeps our surroundings clean.

In 1893, Gandhi was made to leave a first-class train compartment at Pietermaritzburg station in South Africa, even though he had a valid ticket. How did this experience shape his life?

• A. He gave up law and returned to India at once
• B. He resolved to fight unfair treatment through peaceful protest
• C. He started a railway company for Indian passengers
• D. He decided never to travel by train again

The insult made Gandhi determined to stand up against racial injustice without using violence.

Gandhi set up Phoenix Settlement (1904) and Tolstoy Farm (1910) in South Africa. Looking at the picture, what was the main idea behind life in these settlements?

• A. Training people to become soldiers
• B. Running large factories to earn profit
• C. Trading cotton and silk with Britain
• D. Simple living, shared work and self-reliance

Residents grew their own food, shared all the work and lived simply, preparing themselves for peaceful struggle.

In 1917, Gandhi went to Champaran in Bihar to help farmers who were forced by European planters to grow a particular crop. Which crop was it?

• A. Cotton
• B. Tea
• C. Indigo
• D. Jute

Champaran farmers were forced to grow indigo, a plant used to make blue dye; this was Gandhi's first satyagraha in India.

In 1918, crops failed in Kheda (Gujarat), as shown in the picture, yet farmers were told to pay their land revenue in full. What did Gandhi advise the farmers to do?

• A. Peacefully refuse to pay the tax until relief was given
• B. Sell their land and move to the cities
• C. Pay double the tax to please the officials
• D. Stop growing crops for many years

Gandhi led the Kheda farmers in a peaceful refusal to pay the tax until the government gave them relief.

Which action would a supporter of the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920–22) most likely have taken?

• A. Joined a British government job
• B. Bought more imported mill-made cloth
• C. Sent children only to government schools
• D. Returned British titles and boycotted foreign cloth

Non-cooperation meant refusing to help British rule – giving back titles, leaving government schools and boycotting foreign goods.

Gandhi called off the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1922, even though it was very popular. What was the reason?

• A. The British had granted India full independence
• B. The movement turned violent at one place, which went against non-violence
• C. Gandhi wanted to move to South Africa again
• D. People had stopped spinning khadi

For Gandhi, non-violence came first; when the movement turned violent, he stopped it.

On 6 April 1930, at the end of the Dandi March, Gandhi picked up a handful of natural salt from the seashore, as in the picture. Why was this simple act a powerful protest?

• A. It broke the unfair Salt Law that taxed a basic need of every Indian
• B. It showed that salt was too costly for cooking
• C. It started a salt-selling business for marchers
• D. It was a ritual performed at Dandi every year

Salt is needed by everyone, rich or poor, so breaking the British salt tax law united all Indians and began the Civil Disobedience Movement.

The picture shows Gandhi addressing a huge gathering in Bombay on 8 August 1942, when the Quit India Movement was launched. Which slogan did he give the people?

• A. Jai Jawan Jai Kisan
• B. Swaraj is my birthright
• C. Do or Die
• D. Inquilab Zindabad

Gandhi's call at the launch of Quit India was 'Do or Die' (Karo ya Maro).

The timeline shows important events in Gandhi's life. Which event belongs in the box marked '?' (1917)?

• A. Non-Cooperation Movement
• B. Kheda Satyagraha
• C. Phoenix Settlement
• D. Champaran Satyagraha

In 1917 Gandhi led the Champaran Satyagraha, his first satyagraha in India.

Arrange the four events shown on the cards P, Q, R and S in the order in which they happened, from earliest to latest.

• A. S, Q, R, P
• B. Q, S, R, P
• C. Q, R, S, P
• D. Q, S, P, R

Champaran (1917), Non-Cooperation (1920), Dandi Salt March (1930) and Quit India (1942) – so the order is Q, S, R, P.

The timeline shows two movements, in 1920 and 1942. Which event fits in the box marked '?' (1930), between them?

• A. Champaran Satyagraha
• B. Kheda Satyagraha
• C. Dandi Salt March
• D. Gandhi's journey to South Africa

The Dandi Salt March (1930) came between Non-Cooperation (1920) and Quit India (1942); Champaran, Kheda and the South Africa journey all came earlier.

Study the timeline of places where Gandhi lived and worked. Which statement is supported by it?

• A. Sevagram Ashram was set up after the Dandi March
• B. Sabarmati Ashram was set up before Tolstoy Farm
• C. Phoenix Settlement was set up after Sabarmati Ashram
• D. Tolstoy Farm and Sevagram Ashram were set up in the same year

Sevagram Ashram (1936) came six years after the Dandi March (1930).

The schematic map shows the route of the Salt March in Gujarat. Using the compass, in which general direction did the marchers travel from Sabarmati Ashram to Dandi?

• A. North
• B. East
• C. West
• D. South

Dandi lies on the coast to the south of Sabarmati Ashram, so the marchers walked southwards.

The Champaran Satyagraha took place in the north of Bihar, close to the border with Nepal. Which letter on the map marks Champaran?

• A. P
• B. Q
• C. R
• D. S

Point Q is in northern Bihar near the Nepal border; P is on the Gujarat coast, R is in central India and S is near Chennai.

Gandhi lived at Sevagram Ashram, near Wardha, from 1936. The map marks Sevagram with a star. In which present-day state is it located?

• A. Maharashtra
• B. Gujarat
• C. Bihar
• D. Tamil Nadu

Sevagram, near Wardha in central India, is in the state of Maharashtra.

Students feel their school canteen is charging unfair prices. Which response best follows Gandhi's idea of Satyagraha?

• A. Shout at the canteen staff until prices come down
• B. Spread rumours about the canteen online
• C. Write politely to the principal with facts and peacefully avoid buying until it is fixed
• D. Keep quiet and only complain at home

Satyagraha means holding firmly to the truth and resisting injustice peacefully and openly, without hurting anyone.

The picture shows a child gently giving water to a thirsty bird. Which Gandhian idea means not harming any living being in thought, word or action?

• A. Swaraj
• B. Swadeshi
• C. Sarvodaya
• D. Ahimsa

Ahimsa means non-violence – avoiding harm to any living being and showing care instead.

A school decides to buy its uniforms from local handloom weavers instead of buying imported cloth. Which Gandhian idea is the school following?

• A. Swadeshi
• B. Satyagraha
• C. Trusteeship
• D. Ahimsa

Swadeshi means using goods made in one's own country and region, which supports local workers.

Sarvodaya means 'welfare of all'. The village in the picture has a little money to spend. Which plan best reflects Sarvodaya?

• A. Building a road only up to the richest family's house
• B. Building a well that every family can use, including the poorest
• C. Starting a club only for wealthy families
• D. Spending all the money on a grand welcome gate

Sarvodaya means progress for everyone, especially the poorest – a well shared by all families does exactly that.

The title on this book cover is hidden. What is the title of Gandhi's autobiography?

• A. Hind Swaraj
• B. The Discovery of India
• C. The Story of My Experiments with Truth
• D. Wings of Fire

Gandhi wrote about his life in 'The Story of My Experiments with Truth'; Hind Swaraj (1909) is a different book by him on self-rule.

The Dandi March covered about 385 km in 24 days. On average, about how many kilometres did the marchers walk each day?

• A. 16 km
• B. 12 km
• C. 20 km
• D. 24 km

385 ÷ 24 ≈ 16, so the marchers walked about 16 km a day.

Gandhi returned to India from South Africa in 1915. India became independent in 1947. How many years passed between these two events?

• A. 30 years
• B. 35 years
• C. 32 years
• D. 28 years

1947 − 1915 = 32 years.

The bar graph shows how many students joined a school's Swachhata (cleanliness) drive on 2 October each year. Between which two years did the number of students increase the most?

• A. 2023 and 2024
• B. 2024 and 2025
• C. 2025 and 2026
• D. The increase was the same every year

From 2024 to 2025 the number rose from 150 to 210 (an increase of 60); the other increases were only 30.

In 2007, the United Nations General Assembly declared 2 October, Gandhi's birthday, as a special day for the whole world. What is it called?

• A. International Day of Peace
• B. World Environment Day
• C. International Literacy Day
• D. International Day of Non-Violence

Since 2007, the world observes 2 October as the International Day of Non-Violence to honour Gandhi's message.

Another great Indian leader was also born on 2 October (1904). He became India's second Prime Minister and gave the slogan 'Jai Jawan Jai Kisan', honouring soldiers and farmers as in the picture. Who was he?

• A. Jawaharlal Nehru
• B. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
• C. Dr Rajendra Prasad
• D. Lal Bahadur Shastri

Lal Bahadur Shastri, born on 2 October 1904, was India's second Prime Minister and coined 'Jai Jawan Jai Kisan'.

Read the source: "Whenever you are unsure whether a step is right, recall the face of the poorest and weakest person you have seen. Ask whether the step you are planning will be of any use to that person and give them more control over their own life." (Adapted from Gandhian ideas – the Talisman). A city council has money for only ONE project. Which project best passes this test?

• A. A new stadium to attract national tournaments
• B. A high-speed expressway to the airport
• C. Safe drinking-water taps for a low-income settlement
• D. Decorative lighting for the city's heritage monument

The Talisman asks us to judge every decision by its benefit to the most vulnerable, and clean water directly improves the lives and independence of the poorest residents.

Read the source: "Non-violence is not the weapon of the weak or the cowardly. It is the active strength of those who resist injustice without hatred, choosing to suffer hardship themselves rather than inflict harm on others." (Adapted from Gandhian ideas). Which inference is best supported by the source?

• A. Non-violence demands the courage to oppose wrong without causing harm
• B. Non-violence means avoiding conflict by staying silent
• C. Non-violence is useful only when one side is weaker
• D. Non-violence allows damage to property but not to people

The source describes non-violence as an active force of the strong that resists injustice while refusing to harm, so it requires courage rather than silence or weakness.

Read the source: "Means and ends are as closely linked as a seed and the tree that grows from it. Impure means can never produce a pure result." (Adapted from Gandhian ideas in Hind Swaraj). Which action would Gandhi most likely criticise on the basis of this idea?

• A. Losing a match after playing strictly by the rules
• B. Studying late every night to improve one's marks
• C. Electing a class monitor through an open, fair vote
• D. Copying in an exam to win a scholarship meant to help one's family

Even a good goal like helping one's family cannot justify a dishonest method; according to the source, unfair means spoil the result itself.

Read the source: "Swadeshi is the spirit within us that asks us to use and serve our immediate surroundings first, before turning to those that are far away." (Adapted from Gandhian ideas). According to the source, Swadeshi is fundamentally about

• A. Rejecting every foreign idea, book and technology
• B. Supporting and serving one's own neighbourhood and community first
• C. Banning all trade between Indian states
• D. Placing every industry under government control

The source defines Swadeshi as a spirit of serving and using what is close at hand first; it is about local responsibility, not hostility to everything foreign.

Read the source: "Every person should do some physical work to earn their bread. No useful work, including cleaning, is beneath anyone's dignity." (Adapted from Gandhian ideas on bread labour). Which school practice best reflects this source?

• A. Students take turns cleaning classrooms and tending the school garden
• B. The school hires more staff so students never do any chores
• C. Prizes are given only for high marks in written tests
• D. Cleaning duty is given only to students who misbehave

Sharing cleaning and gardening equally treats physical work as dignified for all, whereas using it as a punishment would suggest it is shameful.

Case: Two groups of Class 10 students both want the school playground every evening. One group threatens to damage the other group's sports kit. As class representative, which approach best reflects the spirit of Satyagraha?

• A. Spread rumours about the other group to turn teachers against them
• B. Occupy the ground early every day so the others cannot enter
• C. Hold a calm meeting and propose a fair shared timetable, open to compromise
• D. Stay silent and give up the playground to avoid any trouble

Satyagraha means holding firmly to what is fair through truthful dialogue and non-violent action; it rejects both force and passive surrender.

Case: The Rao family buys a new mobile phone, new gadgets and new clothes every few months even though the old ones still work well. Their cupboards are full and e-waste is piling up. Which Gandhian ideal speaks most directly to this situation?

• A. Civil disobedience against unjust laws
• B. Simple living and limiting one's wants
• C. Satyagraha against the government
• D. Village self-rule through panchayats

Gandhi lived simply and urged people to limit their wants so that resources are not wasted and there is enough for everyone.

Case: A school fair needs 500 carry bags. Option 1: cheap imported plastic bags. Option 2: slightly costlier cloth bags stitched by a women's self-help group in a nearby village. Which Gandhian principle supports Option 2, and why?

• A. Sarvodaya – it means always buying the cheapest item
• B. Swaraj – it means the government must supply the bags
• C. Ahimsa – it means refusing to buy anything at all
• D. Swadeshi – it supports local livelihoods and village self-reliance

Swadeshi encourages buying goods made by nearby producers, which keeps money and work in the local community and builds self-reliance.

Case: A village has funds for one new water tank and must decide where to build it. Which method of decision-making is closest to Gandhi's idea of Gram Swaraj?

• A. The Gram Sabha meets, all households speak, and the area with least water is given priority
• B. A district officer decides alone from his office in the city
• C. The richest landowner decides because he donated the most
• D. The contractor chooses the site that is cheapest to build on

Gram Swaraj means villages governing themselves through the participation of all members, with special care for those in greatest need.

Case: A small factory is releasing waste into the river that villagers use. Which response best combines Satyagraha with Gandhi's 'constructive work' (practical self-help)?

• A. A peaceful protest only, then waiting for others to solve the problem
• B. An online campaign that names and insults individual factory workers
• C. A peaceful appeal to the factory and authorities, plus villagers cleaning the river and cutting their own waste
• D. Leaving the village and moving to another place

Gandhi paired non-violent resistance to injustice with constructive work, so peaceful appeal plus practical community action best reflects his approach.

Study the timeline. Why is the Champaran Satyagraha of 1917 regarded as a turning point in Gandhi's work in India?

• A. It brought an immediate end to British rule in Bihar
• B. It was the movement in which the 'Do or Die' slogan was given
• C. It was a protest against the tax on salt
• D. It was his first satyagraha in India and won relief for indigo farmers

Champaran was Gandhi's first satyagraha on Indian soil; by supporting exploited indigo farmers in Bihar he showed that non-violent resistance could succeed in India.

Study the flow chart of the Non-Cooperation Movement (1920–22). Why did Gandhi withdraw the movement in 1922?

• A. The British had already granted India complete independence
• B. It turned violent at one place, which went against his principle of non-violence
• C. Very few people had joined or supported the movement
• D. He wanted to contest elections to the legislature

Gandhi believed the struggle must stay strictly non-violent, so when the movement turned violent he called it off even though it was widely supported.

Look at the picture. Why did Gandhi choose salt as the symbol of protest for the Dandi March in 1930?

• A. Salt was India's most valuable export to Britain
• B. The salt tax was the only tax collected in India
• C. Every Indian, rich or poor, needed salt, so the tax touched all and the law was easy to break
• D. Salt could be made only inside Sabarmati Ashram

Salt was a daily necessity for all classes, so a tax on it felt unjust to everyone, and making salt from sea water was a simple act anyone could do.

Compare the two movements in the chart. What new feature did the Civil Disobedience Movement add to the Non-Cooperation Movement?

• A. People deliberately broke specific unjust laws, such as the Salt Law
• B. People used armed resistance against the government
• C. The movement took place only in South Africa
• D. It demanded only a lower tax on foreign cloth

Non-Cooperation mainly meant refusing to cooperate (boycotts), while Civil Disobedience went further by openly and peacefully breaking unjust laws.

Study the timeline. What did the slogan 'Do or Die' of the Quit India Movement (8 August 1942) signify?

• A. A request for slow reforms over many decades
• B. A call to join the British army in the World War
• C. A demand for new provinces to be created
• D. A final, decisive demand for the immediate end of British rule

Quit India demanded that the British leave India at once, and 'Do or Die' expressed the people's resolve to make this the final struggle for freedom.

Study the timeline of Gandhi's years in South Africa (1893–1915). How did this experience most shape his later role in India?

• A. He trained in military strategy for armed revolt
• B. He developed satyagraha and community living there and later used them in India
• C. He worked as an official of the British government
• D. He studied Indian village farming in detail

Facing racial discrimination in South Africa, Gandhi developed satyagraha and simple community living at Phoenix Settlement and Tolstoy Farm, methods he brought to India in 1915.

Observe the sketch of a model village. Which statement best describes Gandhi's idea of Gram Swaraj?

• A. Villages should depend fully on large city factories
• B. All village decisions should be taken by the central government
• C. Each village should be largely self-reliant and govern its own affairs
• D. Villagers should move to cities to find better jobs

Gram Swaraj imagines villages as self-reliant, self-governing communities that meet their basic needs locally and decide matters together.

Case: Mrs. Reddy owns a successful textile business. She pays fair wages and uses a large part of her profits to run a free school and clinic for the local community, seeing her wealth as held for society's good. Which Gandhian idea does she follow?

• A. Swadeshi
• B. Satyagraha
• C. Civil Disobedience
• D. Trusteeship

Under Trusteeship, the wealthy treat their riches as held in trust and use them for the welfare of society, as Mrs. Reddy does.

The Directive Principles of State Policy reflect many Gandhian ideas. Which pair is matched correctly?

• A. Article 40 – organise village panchayats; Article 43 – promote cottage industries
• B. Article 40 – promote cottage industries; Article 43 – organise village panchayats
• C. Article 40 – free legal aid; Article 43 – uniform civil code
• D. Article 40 – protect monuments; Article 43 – separate judiciary from executive

Article 40 directs the State to organise village panchayats and Article 43 asks it to promote cottage industries, both echoing Gandhi's vision.

Study the three-tier structure. How did the 73rd Constitutional Amendment (1992) help turn Gandhi's dream of Gram Swaraj into reality?

• A. It abolished state governments and gave all power to villages
• B. It gave panchayats constitutional status with regular elections and reserved seats
• C. It placed all panchayats under the direct control of Parliament
• D. It ended elections in villages and appointed officers instead

The 73rd Amendment made Panchayati Raj institutions constitutional bodies with regular elections and reservations, decentralising power to villages as Gandhi wished.

The Dandi March covered about 385 km in 24 days. Using the map data, about how far did the marchers walk on average each day?

• A. About 12 km
• B. About 20 km
• C. About 24 km
• D. About 16 km

Average distance = 385 km ÷ 24 days ≈ 16 km per day.

The bar graph shows SAMPLE (illustrative) data on the percentage of households with toilets in a village during a cleanliness drive. Between which two consecutive survey years was the increase the greatest?

• A. 2014 to 2016
• B. 2018 to 2020
• C. 2016 to 2018
• D. The increase was equal in every period

The increases are 15 (40 to 55), 25 (55 to 80) and 15 (80 to 95) percentage points, so 2016 to 2018 shows the greatest rise.

The table shows SAMPLE sales at a school Khadi stall. In the spirit of Trusteeship, the class donates 10% of the total sales to a village library. How much is donated?

• A. Rs 590
• B. Rs 320
• C. Rs 470
• D. Rs 650

Total sales = (30 × 40) + (25 × 80) + (6 × 450) = 1200 + 2000 + 2700 = Rs 5900, and 10% of 5900 is Rs 590.

Observe the map. Martin Luther King Jr. in the USA and Nelson Mandela in South Africa were both inspired by Gandhi. What does this best show?

• A. Gandhi's ideas were useful only for India's freedom struggle
• B. Non-violent resistance to injustice could be adapted to struggles in other countries
• C. Both leaders fought for their countries' freedom from British rule
• D. Gandhian ideas spread mainly through trade agreements

King used non-violent methods against racial segregation and Mandela against apartheid, showing that Gandhian ideas could be adapted to very different struggles.

In June 2007, the United Nations General Assembly chose Gandhi's birthday, 2 October, to be observed every year worldwide. What is this day called?

• A. International Day of Peace
• B. Human Rights Day
• C. World Environment Day
• D. International Day of Non-Violence

The UN declared 2 October the International Day of Non-Violence to honour Gandhi's message; the other days fall on different dates.